Isochoric Process Definition and Use

An isochoric process is a thermodynamic process in which the volume remains constant. Since the volume is constant, the system does no work and W 0. (W is the abbreviation for work.) This is perhaps the easiest of the thermodynamic variables to control since it can be obtained by placing the system in a sealed container which neither expands nor contracts. First Law of Thermodynamics To understand the isochoric process, you need to understand the first law of thermodynamics, which states: The change in a systems internal energy is equal to the difference between heat added to the system from its surroundings and work done by the system on its surroundings. Applying the first law of thermodynamics to this situation, you find that: delta-Since delta-U is the change in internal energy and Q is the heat transfer into or out of the system, you see that all of the heat either comes from internal energy or goes into increasing the internal energy. Constant Volume It is possible to do work on a system without changing the volume, as in the case of stirring a liquid. Some sources use isochoric in these cases to mean zero-work regardless of whether there is a change in volume or not. In most straightforward applications, however, this nuance will not need to be considered—if the volume remains constant throughout the process, it is an isochoric process. Example Calculation The website  Nuclear Power, a free, nonprofit online site built and maintained by engineers, gives an example of a calculation involving the isochoric process. Assume an  isochoric heat addition  in an ideal gas. In an  ideal gas, molecules have no volume and do not interact. According to the  ideal gas law,  pressure  varies linearly with  temperature  and quantity, and inversely with  volume. The basic formula would be: pV nRT where: p  is the absolute pressure of the gasn  is the amount of substanceT  is the absolute temperatureV  is the volumeR  Ã‚  is the ideal, or universal, gas constant equal to the product of the Boltzmann constant  and the Avogadro constantK is the scientific abbreviation for  Kelvin In this equation the symbol R is a constant called the  universal  gas constant  that has the same value for all gases—namely, R   8.31  Joule/mole  K. The isochoric process can be expressed with the ideal gas law as: p/T constant Since the process is  isochoric,  dV   0, the  pressure-volume work is equal to zero. According to the  ideal gas model, the internal energy can be calculated by: ∆U m cv  Ã¢Ë†â€ T where the property  cv  (J/mole K)  is referred to as  specific heat  (or  heat capacity) at a constant volume because under certain special conditions (constant volume) it relates the temperature change of a system to the amount of energy added by heat transfer. Since there is no work done by or on the system, the  first law of thermodynamics  dictates  Ã¢Ë†â€ U ∆Q.  Therefore: Q   m cv  Ã¢Ë†â€ T

The Five Stages Of Analytical Competition Essay - 1613 Words

As I mentioned above, the company has two different areas that can be looked at when determining the five stages of analytical competition and I also believe that each area is at two different stages. With respect to our clients, I believe that NextGen products can be categorized at Stage 5 – Analytical Competitors with an understanding that the company will need to continue to improve and allow our customers to grow with each new release of our product. In other words, I am saying that we can categorize the products at stage 5 but I don’t feel NextGen is â€Å"done† with respect to the product analytics. If NextGen doesn’t continue to evolve and grow our analytics in our products, we will not be able to stay at that stage and allow our clients to have the competitive edge. Our products provide our clients (hospitals and practices) with several layers of reporting to determine patient care, patient services, patient billing and patient tracking. NextG en recognizes that the clients need to constantly review their data to provide better patient care at lower costs for both the practice/hospital and the patient. As is indicated by our website, NextGen Healthcare provides our clients with Ambulatory solutions, Revenue Cycle Management and Shared data services 1. NextGen openly boasts about our Analytics Solution to provide our clients the data they need to â€Å"mange risks, enhance patient outcomes and improve overall decision making.†2 For NextGen as a company includingShow MoreRelatedCritical Value Of Analytics : The New Science Of Winning Essay957 Words   |  4 Pagesnew data age. Every company and organization should strive to become an analytical competitor. Competing on Analytics reveals how companies think about their data and their exploitation of that data. 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Masters of Business for Core Financial Statement- MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theMasters of Business for Core Financial Statement. Answer: Objectives of the Rport The objectives of the report are to provide shareholders the accounting information which has significant impact on the behavior of the investors through the share prices or returns that are changes in share price. Besides this, it shows the process of controlling the effects of other factors at the time of trying to measure the casual relationships. The market movement must be managed to see the actual effect of a firms profit announcement based on the share price of the firm. To promote initiatives, inquisitiveness plus the development of core financial statement analytic skills research company specific factors behind the financial performance being announced by the company (Ansoff, 2014). The report is on Virgin Australia Holding Ltd. and its competitor Qantas Airways and Regional Express Ltd Airways. Hence, it will compare the accounting information provided in the financial reports of these companies as well as from the announcement of the companies. To analysis the financial d ata the share price and the returns are important. The return changes in the prices of the shares and these particular data provide adequate information to the investors about the performances of their share on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) so that help in taking effective investment decisions to the investors. Overview of the Major Industry, Competitors, and Company The aviation industry in Australia is establishing rapid growth and development in last few years. There are numerous airlines companies operating in this country and there are flights available for all across the globe. The aviation industry is growing in this country for various reasons such geographical cause, political, as well as economic reasons. Because of the country is an island the airways are the ways for communicating with the rest of the world. Besides the economy of this country is growing, this is also significant cause of the growth of the aviation industry in this country. As the industry is growing there are several airlines companies are operating in this country that increase the competition in this industry inevitably. In this situation, the aviation industry of this country become very competitive. The Virgin Australia Airlines Pty Ltd is the second largest airlines in Australia after Qantas Airways. Besides this, it is considered as the biggest airlines by the fleet size in order to usage the brand name of Virgin. British Business Tycoon Richard Branson is the founder and partner of this airline company. the company has significant amount of market share in the Australian Aviation industry. In the year of 2015 the Virgin Australia cargo was launched and throughput the years the company has grown substantially. Qantas Airways Limited is situated in Australia which is showing the largest airlines in the Sydney. It is consisting of the 65% of the market share with constituting of the 18% of the traveling in and out of the Australia through them. It started its business with the help of the domestic flights and later on the establishment of the international flights are made available for the customers. The overall stake of the company is depicted to be 55% and also is showing the loosing of the low-cost competitors from the market (Appannaiah, Narayana Reddy, and Ramanath, 2009). This can be easily presented in the form of the review which is being presented for the industry Qantas industry. As per the industry, analysis is being undertaken, the Qantas is depicted to be constituted of the appropriate management of the work by showing the expansion of the market and also the customer can be easily able to take the tough decisions in the form of the managements (Berk and DeMarzo, 2012). The Rex or the Regional express limited Airways is depicted to be a regional airline with market leading returns. It consists of the huge amount of the growth opportunities and also the support is being made by showing the explanation if the revenue growth has been seen to be growth. The overall industry analysis of the company is showing the driving of the rerating process is taken for the study (Higgins, 2016). The initiation of the limiting process is being undertaken. The explanations provided by showing the appropriate rerating of the proven business model which is being dependent on the type of the business. Therefore, the study is simply showing the appropriate NPAT model which is depicted to be declined for Regional Express limited Airways of about 5.6% and the Qantas is depicted to be showing the decrement of 88%. Therefore, the analysis simply presents that though the Qantas is depicted to be consisting of is declining and also the upliftment of the Regional Express limited Airways. It simply describes the implementation of the appropriate systems which is essential for the construction of the appropriate image in the environmentally (Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson, 2017). Overview of the Announcement and Expected Impact According to the announcement or media release of Virgin the company grows considerably. The Virgin Australia Domestics underlying EBIT improves about 45.8% on the Financial Year of 2015. Its key financial matrix also shows significant growth as well its profitability ratio is also improved. Alternatively, the Virgin Australia International is also accomplish 30% growth in underlying EBIT and improve the profitability by ending of the financial year 2017. The Tigerair Australia also discover profits for the first year. The income is increased 37.4% plus the membership growth attained 20% on Financial year 2015. The Groups underlying EBIT is recorded AUD$ 210.6 million grows AUD$ 144.7 million on Financial year 2015. It underlying profit before tax is $ 41.0 million. Group income is recorded $ 5,021.0 million, it shows 5.7% growth. These records indicates the sound financial health of the company According to the media release of the Qantas Airways, the company has accomplished significant growth in the year of 2016. The announcement shows that 57% has increased the company's underlying profit before the tax calculation and which is $1.53 billion. Besides this, the statutory profit before tax calculation has also been increased by 80%, which is huge and the company's statutory profits are $1.42 billion. The company's per share rate nearly doubling in this period, 49c which is more than 24c from the last years. The return of investment capital is 23% up to 6.5 points more from the previous years when in June the rate was 16% (Jeyarathmm, 2008). Operating cash flow is $2.8billion, which also up by 38% from the previous year. Apart from this, it is also observed that the net free cash flow of the company is $1.7 billion which also shows that financial capacity of the company. Apart from this, it claims that the company provides shareholders return $500 million. Moreover, it also claims that the company paid fully franked 7c/share ordinary dividend plush on-market share buyback. These indicate that the company was performing well during the financial years of 2016. Apart from all these, it is also evident that the Qantas Airways provide it, shareholders, additional cash bonus totaling $7.5 million for its 25,000 non-executive employees. These also imply the sound financial health of the company (Palepu, Healy and Peek, 2016). According to the Appendix 4G for the year ended 30 June, 2016 of Regional Express, the passenger revenues of the groups has been increased from the prior years. Last year in 2015 it was $210.3million, and in 2016 it is $227.2 million. The fuel cost of the company has been decreased from the last year means the profitability of the company has been increased. The fuel cost was last year was $36.9 million, whereas, in 2016, it was $35.2 million only. However, the other cost and expenses of the company have been increased. The finance income of the company is also increased from $0.3 million last to current year's $0.5 million (Subramanyam, 2014). The operational profit before taxation is calculated as $4.3, which lower than the past years means the companys performance is decreasing. However, the total profits of the firm are increasing $10.7 million in current years in comparison to the last years $9.3 million. From the comparison it is evident the Qantas Airways is more stable compan y, and thus investment should be done in Qantas Airways (Holton, 2012). Discussion and Analysis of the Actual Stock Market Reaction and Calculation of Residuals The announcement shows the financial performance of the companies. At the date of the announcement, the share price of Virgin airlines was lower than the Qantas Airways but higher than Regional express limited Airways. The announcement revealed the financial performance of the companies. The financial result shows decrease in the performance of Virgin Airlines with negative profit margin. The income statement shows loss incurred by the company Virgin Airlines. At the date of the announcement, the share price of Qantas Airways was higher than the Virgin airlines and Regional express limited Airways. It shows that the Qantas Airways is generating profits and Virgin Airlines and Regional Express limited Airways is suffering from losses. The announcement of Qantas Airways, Virgin Airlines and Regional Express limited Airways depicted profit, revenue, earnings per share, operating cash flows and returns on the invested capital (Doole, 2016). The announcement shows decrease in the profit m argin of Virgin Airlines in the year 2016. The announcement of Qantas Airways shows that profit margin has increased in the year 2016 in comparison to the previous year. The announcement of Regional Express limited Airways shows that the profit has decreased in the year 2016 in comparison to last year (Terpstra, Sarathy and Foley, 2012). The announcement shows the performance of the companies in the market. The share price of Virgin Airlines is lower than the Qantas Airways and higher than Regional express limited Airways. The announcement is made to provide significant information to the stakeholders. On 26 Aug 2016, the residual value of Virgin Airlines was 0.43%, Qantas Airlines was 0.13% and Regional express limited Airways was -3.4%. The result shows that the share price performance of Virgin Airlines is better than the Qantas Airlines and Regional express limited Airways. Figure: Residual value The residual value shows the performance of the company during a period of time. The graph show that the performance of Virgin airlines has increased in the initial period and again it has decreased. The performance of Qantas airlines has increased initially and it has decreased slightly in later period. The performance of Regional express limited Airways has decreased over the period. Conclusion The overall analysis clearly explains the appropriate structure of the study which is enabled of defining the appropriate management of the work processes. The explanation of the work is being made by showing the explanation of the work. This also explains the overview of the explanation of the competitors and the industry with showing the overview of the assessments. This simply defines the discussion, and the analysis of the actual stock market reactions and also the residual calculations are presented by showing the appropriate explanation of the work as it is being presented in this study (Rosen, 2005). The examination of the financial announcement of the airline companies shows that Qantas is leading in the industry and Virgin is providing competition to Qantas with its rapid development within this industry. The discussion is also surrounding the appropriate framework of the study which is also showing the downturn of the REX as it is analysed in this study. This is the overall discussion, and the conclusion which is being provided as per the context is being undertaken for the study. References Ansoff, H. (2014).Strategic management. [Place of publication not identified]: Palgrave Macmillan. Appannaiah, H., Narayana Reddy, P. and Ramanath, H. (2009).Strategic management. Mumbai [India]: Himalaya Pub. House. Berk, J. and DeMarzo, P. (2012).Corporate finance. London: McGraw-Hill Education - Europe. Doole, I. (2016).International Marketing Strategy. Cengage Learning. Higgins, R. (2016).Analysis for financial management. London: McGraw-Hill Education - Europe. Hitt, M., Ireland, R. and Hoskisson, R. (2017).Strategic management. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning. Holton, R. (2012).Global finance. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Jeyarathmm, M. (2008).Strategic Management. New Delhi: Himalaya Pub. House. Palepu, K., Healy, P. and Peek, E. (2016).Business analysis and valuation. Andover, Hampshire, United Kingdom: Cengage Learning EMEA. Rosen, H. (2005).Public finance. Boston, Mass. [u.a.]: McGraw-Hill. Subramanyam, K. (2014).Financial statement analysis. New York: McGraw-Hill Education. Terpstra, V., Sarathy, R. and Foley, J. (2012).International marketing. [Naperville, Ill.]: Naper Publishing Group.

Reflections of the past and hopes for the future Essay Example

Reflections of the past and hopes for the future Paper Reflections of the past and hopes for the future BY Shattuck Reflections of the Past and Hopes for the Future- 2013 Reflecting back on my year, I have had many ups and downs. We should accept the fact that life doesnt always go on the way we plan. Life can surprise you. It can make you cry. And eventually it will put a smile on your face after all the stormy moments. My reflections of myself were not really what I had hoped they would be. I really had to tell myself to stop looking at the things I do so negatively , and turn my thoughts into positive ones. Here are some of my negative thoughts. I feel that I could have worked harder and achieved my academic targets. However, I am not as motivated towards studying as I wish to be. Its a weak link that I cannot stay focused on one thing for too long. So, my to do list is always a never ending to do list. I feel that I have so many aspirations for myself. However, I dont know how and where to start. I still cant figure out what I want to do with my life, what kind off person I want to be as I grow up. At least, Im trying to get my life more organized, one small step at a time. I have started to realize my duty towards my family and my Job. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflections of the past and hopes for the future specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Reflections of the past and hopes for the future specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Reflections of the past and hopes for the future specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I have got over my childish acts. Its time that I grew up. Talking about my Job, I have become more aware of my responsibilities. Last year has been a pretty good year for me academically although I havent achieved all of my goals. I have attempted to get a good result In Eleven and I have been selected among the National Top Ten achievers. Moreover, I had traveled to Add and Male. I love traveling, so, It was both a very exciting experience for me. Now that 2013 Is upon us, I have more goals to meet. First of all, I want my course to be a success. I hope that It can help me In building up my career. I want to intention my Job as I dont want to depend on anyone. I want to stand up on my own feet and become a successful person. I want to be able to fulfill all my responsibilities more than I do now. Moreover, I want to Improve my leadership skills as I dont want anyone to point at me saying, even though I am well educated, I am still weak In that department. I also need to Improve my self-confidence and change the way how I see myself. Instead of saying no to things, I want to be able to stand up to the challenges of life and face them courageously. Regardless of what Is happening, the ups and downs of life will continue to reveal. Next time I hit a down time, I am going to focus on what can be learned, and trust myself that It Is the best thing that could happen to me right now, and know with certainty that the up time Is Just around the corner. Start. I still cant figure out what I want to do with my life, what kind off person I want havent achieved all of my goals. I have attempted to get good result in Eleven and I to Add and Male. I love traveling, so, it was both a very exciting experience for me. Now that 2013 is upon us, I have more goals to meet. First of all, I want my course to be a success. I hope that It can help me in building up my career. I want to feet and become a successful person. I want to be able to fulfill all my responsibilities more than I do now. Moreover, I want to improve my leadership skills as I dont want anyone to point at me saying, even though I am well educated, I am still weak in that department. I also need to improve my self-confidence and change the way how I see Regardless of what is happening, the ups and downs of life will continue to trust myself that it is the best thing that could happen to me right now, and know with certainty that the up time is Just around the corner.

Principles of Marketing Calvin Klein Case Study

Principles of Marketing Calvin Klein Case Study Introduction Calvin Klein is an American fashion brand. Considering the modern situation at the market, it should be concluded that advertising plays crucial part in the competition. Product promotion is really important as it leads to the increase in sales and profit.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Principles of Marketing: Calvin Klein specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To understand the main principles of marketing Calvin Klein uses, it is important to check the three levels of product concept, to identify the most important factors in the brand expansion, and select the adoption level the brand meets with the explanation of the choice on the basis of the specific case study called The Rise of Calvin Klein (Chong and Diga). Marketing Principles of Calvin Klein Three levels of product concept Three layers of product exist in the marking which allow the company expand, such as core product, actual product, and au gmented product (Solomon, Marshall, Stuart 233). The core product is considered to be the benefit a specific product is aimed at. Calvin Klein’s core product is cloths it provides it consumers with. People buy this product to meet the demands of the society to be dressed and protected. An actual product layer has deeper consideration of the human interests and is directed at style, brand, appearance, etc. People have different tastes and they choose some cloths according to their personal desires and wishes. The use of ads underlines this specific layer of products as it shows people the specifics of each model and has different audience. The third layer concept is augmented product which is directed at the specific offers and opportunities the company can offer, like company stores, online catalogues, etc. It should be mentioned that Calvin Klein is the company with long history and it has some specific offers at each level of product concept. The Most Important Factor in th e Brand Expansion Considering the specifics of the brand expansion, the company has tried to create something different, an ad which could remain in human mind. The company referred to the provocative advertising campaign to stress that customers should want this specific product. It should be noted that no one predicted the success of this campaign, but this is considered to be the central factor of positive reaction. People noticed the ad and remembered it, no matter that their first reaction was negative and repulsive. The Adoption Level the Brand Meets Considering the adoption level of the innovation produced by Calvin Klein, it is possible to notice that the final, confirmation level is met. The Calvin Klein brand has achieved its highest level of recognition at the market.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More When a new product appears, many people buy it jus t because it is Calvin Klein. One of the main dangers of this stage of adoption as that there is nothing to reach, it is the final stage. When people lose interest in this kind of product, the company should use additional means of regulation, like presentation, communication, etc. Conclusion Thus, it may be concluded that Calvin Klein remains one of the leading fashion brands in the world due to the correct use of marketing principles. The implementation of the new products should come through some specific stages and the further work should also be based on the specific principles which allow this product remain in demand. It guarantees sales and recognition in the world. Chong and Diga. â€Å"The Rise of Calvin Klein.† Marketing 3000. 10 March 2011. Print. Solomon, Michael R., Marshall, Greg W., and Stuart, Elnora W. Marketing: Real People Real Choices. 6th ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2009. Print.

LITERATURE REVIEW Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

LITERATURE REVIEW - Research Paper Example Equally important, security and monitoring of the movement of narcotics drugs strongly indicate laxity of the responsible agencies because of the increasing accessibility of the drugs to many users and dealers, including minors. In relation to monitoring of narcotics drugs, the agencies responsible for the role should enhance surveillance on all possible channels of accessing and distributing drugs including prescription drugs. Three main concepts and ideas will be explored in the literature review in relation to the problem statement of the research study. The first is investigating pertinent factors that contribute to the increasing abuse of narcotic drugs in the society in addition to the recent policies and regulations aimed at preventing accessibility to narcotic drugs. To collect relevant information pertaining to the concept, authoritative sources from medical, legal, sociological and psychological backgrounds will be used. One of the authoritative sources is a journal by Barrett and Veerman titled â€Å"Children Who Use Drugs: The Need for More Clarity on State Obligations in International Law.† Narcotics drugs are increasingly being accessed through prescription and this is the second concept of investigating the problem statement in the literature review. Patients with chronic ailments are legally permitted to use some of the illegal narcotics drugs under strict medical prescription (Howe, 1957). However, the effects that the drugs impart on the prescribed users are a matter of concern to policy makers because it influences the society’s perception to the drugs. In particular, the outcome of the drugs on the prescribed patients such as dependency or addiction and their overall effectiveness in managing the intended medical condition will be examined. The accessibility of prescribed drugs in stores could encourage members of the society to conspire with pharmaceutical

Case study (quize) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Case study (quize) - Essay Example Hong Kong is concerned, people are not just hurry to possess a product, but rather they seek the epistemic benefits from new Apple’s variant iPhone. Epistemic benefit refers to a benefit customers seek to acquire from a product’s capacity to satisfy his their curiosity, novelty and to meet a desire for newer knowledge. People rushing in Hong Kong to get Apple’s iPhone show severe propensity to adopt new product which is designed and implemented sophisticated technology (Piller and Tseng, 2010, p. 167). Suppose, if any one out of these people came to meet their need for enjoyment with Apple’s iPhone 4S, it can rather be viewed as Hedonic benefit. As compared to the competition, the benefit doesn’t seem to be unique. When new technology or highly differentiated product comes to market, it is quite common that customers show curiosity to obtain one. A unique value or unique benefit is a set of benefits or values that the company promises to deliver to the consumers to satisfy their needs (Armstrong and Kotler, 2005, p. 12). For Apple’s newly launched iPhone 4S, the unique value propositions and unique benefits may include its sophisticated technology, advanced user-friendly interface etc. What motivated customers to rush in to an Apple’s IFC store in Hong Kong was the curiosity to possess the new variant of Apple phone and therefore this benefit is not a unique one. Apart from Apple brand fanatic customers who lined up in the rushing queue, there were others who thought to make profits by reselling iPhones to more demanded customers in other areas anticipating higher demands for the same from customers. Unique values and core competencies that the company offered to customers are more seemingly to attract wider numbers of customers and that was the reason why people were eager to obtain more pieces of iPhones such as 300. Core competencies are part of value chain that make a unique and value-added contribution to the business. As Kerin, Hartley and